project blog responsive ads

Free download management system project documentation with JAVA, PHP AND ASP.NET source code. In all project report you will get introduction and objective of the project, system analysis, feasibility study, project planning, DFD diagram, system design, database design, complete project coding, and ER diagram of the project. These project reports and synopsis are useful for BCA, MCA BSC CS, MSC IT B.TECH, M.TECH and BE computer science last year students IGNOU, SMU university final year projects

Sponsored Links

Sunday, September 29, 2013

Free bca final year projects On Mobile Banking Part 4

Free bca final year projects On Mobile Banking Part 4 


PROJECT 3#  ONLINE AUCTION SYSTEM


   FRONTEND - C # AND .NET FRAMEWORK 

   BACKEND - SQL SERVER 2008

   Click here to Download SYNOPSIS OF PROJECT  ONLINE AUCTION SYSTEM

   Free download FINAL REPORT OF PROJECT  ONLINE AUCTION SYSTEM

FREE DOWNLOAD BCA PROJECT # 4- 

MEDICAL & SURGICAL SUPPLIERS

Click here to Download Project Synopsis of   MEDICAL & SURGICAL SUPPLIERS
FreeDownload Project Final report of   MEDICAL & SURGICAL SUPPLIERS


This website Provide final year project with source code and full documentation and free download.

All Projects Can be submitted by - BE, BCA, MCA, B TECH Computer Science Final Year students. IGNOU BCA, IGNOU MCA, SMU BCA, SMU MCA, B.Tech/B.E in Computer Science or Information technology, MTech, MS, BSC-IT as final year project.



6.0. Free bca final year projects On Mobile Banking SOFTWARE DESIGN
   
        6.1   Design Overview

The design phase begins with the free bca final year projects requirements specification for the software to be developed. Design is the first step to moving from the free bca final year projects problem domain towards the solution domain. Design is essentially the bridge between requirement specification and the final solution for satisfying the free bca final year projects requirements. It is the most critical factor affecting the quality of the software.
       The design process for software system has two levels.
1.      System Design or Top level design
2.      Detailed Design or Logical Design

 System Design:

  1. Bca final year projects free download Mobile banking Last 
  2. part

  3. Bca final year projects free download 5th part

  4. Free bca final year projects On Mobile Banking Part 4d

  5. Free BCA Final year Projects on Mobile Banking Part 3nd

  6. Free bca final year projects 2nd part

  7. Free bca final year projects part 1

  8. In the system design the focus on the deciding which modules are needed for the system, the specification of these modules and how these modules should be interconnected.

Detailed Design:
                        In detailed design the interconnection of the free bca final year projects modules or how the specifications of the modules can be satisfied is decided. Some properties for a software system design are
·         Verifiability
·         Completeness
·         Consistency
·         Traceability
·         Simplicity / Understandability


Software Architecture:

The free bca final year projects application which we are developing is Two Tier architecture. Here we have 3 Tiers user interface, BAL and DAL.
In our project user interface is a J2ME part where we can see the output screens in the emulator.
Business access layer is the action class in J2ME. In this class we will open the connection to the tomcat server for sending the values & get them as parameters in the servlet.
Data access layer is the servlet class in the free bca final year projects tomcat server for connecting to the database for inserting and retrieving the data from the database.
Here in three Tiers the request and response will be a Bi-directional.
When a request is generated from the J2ME emulator the request will be sent to the action class through servlet and connects to the database. In the same way response will be generated by sending the free bca final year projects requested data from the database to the servlet via action class to the emulator.
Here the DAL and database may change but the user interface and BAL doesn’t change.
The entire system is a system is a thread based process. A thread is generated when a request is generated from the free bca final year projects mobile to the action class to open the StreamConnection to the servlet for each and every request.
Application Architecture:



Application architecture is nothing but the project flow. In the users block the free bca final year projects users are the customers of the bank. They can access all the banking transactions which are mentioned provided they should have a bank account and should be registered for the free bca final year projects application. Customers are provided with user id & password by the bank authorities.
The customers will access all the banking transactions which are mentioned in the Action class such as change password, mini statement, balance enquiry, view bills, cheque request cheque status, and Fund transfer. In the free bca final year projects action class block we have the user interface design and also the request to open the connection for the server.
In servlet block we have the free bca final year projects corresponding pages for the action class to connect to the database for inserting and getting the details.



6.2 UML Design
INTRODUCTION TO UML:
The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a standard language for specifying, visualizing, constructing, and documenting the free bca final year projects artifacts of software systems, as well as for business modeling and other non-software systems. The UML represents a collection of best engineering practices that have proven successful in the modeling of large and complex systems. The UML is a very important part of developing objects oriented software and the free bca final year projects software development process.  The UML uses mostly graphical notations to express the design of software projects.  Using the UML helps project teams communicate, explore potential designs, and validate the free bca final year projects architectural design of the software.
  1. Free bca final year projects part 1

Goals of UML

  The primary goals in the design of the UML were:
·         Provide users with a ready-to-use, expressive visual modeling language so they      can develop and exchange meaningful models.
·         Provide extensibility and specialization mechanisms to extend the core concepts.
·         Be independent of particular programming languages and development processes.
·         Provide a formal basis for understanding the free bca final year projects modeling language.
·         Encourage the growth of the OO tools market.
·         Support higher-level development concepts such as collaborations, frameworks, patterns and components.
·         Integrate best practices.

Why we use UML?

As the strategic value of software increases for many companies, the industry looks for techniques to automate the free bca final year projects production of software and to improve quality and reduce cost and time-to-market. These techniques include component technology, visual programming, patterns and frameworks. Businesses also seek techniques to manage the complexity of systems as they increase in scope and scale. In particular, they recognize the need to solve recurring architectural problems, such as physical distribution, concurrency, replication, security, load balancing and fault tolerance. Additionally, the free bca final year projects development for the World Wide Web, while making some things simpler, has exacerbated these architectural problems. The Unified Modeling Language (UML) was designed to respond to these needs.

 

  1. Free bca final year projects part 1

UML Diagrams

The underlying premise of UML is that no one diagram can capture the free bca final year projects different elements of a system in its entirety. Hence, UML is made up of nine diagrams that can be used to model a system at different points of time in the software life cycle of a system.
The nine UML diagrams are:
·         Use case diagram:
The use case diagram is used to identify the free bca final year projects primary elements and processes that form the system. The primary elements are termed as "actors" and the free bca final year projects processes are called "use cases." The use case diagram shows which actors interact with each use case.
·         Class diagram:
The class diagram is used to refine the free bca final year projects use case diagram and define a detailed design of the system. The class diagram classifies the free bca final year projects actors defined in the use case diagram into a set of interrelated classes. The relationship or association between the classes can be either an "is-a" or "has-a" relationship. Each class in the class diagram may be capable of providing certain functionalities. These functionalities provided by the free bca final year projects class are termed "methods" of the class. Apart from this, each class may have certain "attributes" that uniquely identify the class.
·         Object diagram:
The object diagram is a special kind of class diagram. An object is an instance of a class. This essentially means that an object represents the state of a class at a given point of time while the free bca final year projects system is running. The object diagram captures the state of different classes in the system and their relationships or associations at a given point of time.
·         State diagram:
A state diagram, as the name suggests, represents the free bca final year projects different states that objects in the system undergo during their life cycle. Objects in the system change states in response to events. In addition to this, a state diagram also captures the transition of the object's state from an initial state to a final state in response to events affecting the system.
·         Activity diagram:
The free bca final year projects process flows in the system are captured in the activity diagram. Similar to a state diagram, an activity diagram also consists of activities, actions, transitions, initial and final states, and guard conditions.
·         Sequence diagram:
A sequence diagram represents the interaction between different objects in the system. The free bca final year projects important aspect of a sequence diagram is that it is time-ordered. This means that the exact sequence of the interactions between the free bca final year projects objects is represented step by step. Different objects in the sequence diagram interact with each other by passing "messages".

·         Collaboration diagram:
A collaboration diagram groups together the interactions between different objects. The interactions are listed as numbered interactions that help to trace the free bca final year projects sequence of the interactions. The collaboration diagram helps to identify all the free bca final year projects possible interactions that each object has with other objects.
·         Component diagram:
The component diagram represents the free bca final year projects high-level parts that make up the system. This diagram depicts, at a high level, what components form part of the system and how they are interrelated. A component diagram depicts the components culled after the free bca final year projects system has undergone the development or construction phase.
·         Deployment diagram:
The deployment diagram captures the configuration of the runtime elements of the application. This diagram is by far most useful when a system is built and ready to be deployed.
Now that we have an idea of the free bca final year projects different UML diagrams, let us see if we can somehow group together these diagrams to enable us to further understand how to use them.

UML Diagram Classification—Static, Dynamic, and Implementation

A software system can be said to have two distinct characteristics: a structural, "static" part and a behavioral, "dynamic" part. In addition to these two characteristics, an additional characteristic that a software system possesses is related to implementation. Before we categorize UML diagrams into each of these three characteristics, let us take a quick look at exactly what these characteristics are.


·       Static:
The static characteristic of a system is essentially the structural aspect of the system. The free bca final year projects static characteristics define what parts the system is made up of.
·       Dynamic:
The behavioral features of a system; for example, the ways a system behaves in response to certain events or actions are the free bca final year projects dynamic characteristics of a system.
·       Implementation:
The implementation characteristic of a system is an entirely new feature that describes the different elements required for deploying a system.
                  The UML diagrams that fall under each of these categories are:
·         Static
·         Use case diagram
·         Class diagram

·           Dynamic
o   Object diagram
o   State diagram
o   Activity diagram
o   Sequence diagram
o   Collaboration diagram


·           Implementation
o   Component diagram
o   Deployment diagram
Finally, let us take a look at the free bca final year projects 4+1 view of UML diagrams.

Views of UML Diagrams 

  1. Free bca final year projects part 1
Considering that the UML diagrams can be used in different stages in the life cycle of a system, let us take a look at the "4+1 view" of UML diagrams. The 4+1 view offers a different perspective to classify and apply UML diagrams. The 4+1 view is essentially how a system can be viewed from a software life cycle perspective. Each of these views represents how a system can be modeled. This will enable us to understand where exactly the free bca final year projects UML diagrams fit in and their applicability.
The different views are:
  • Design View:
The design view of a system is the structural view of the system. This gives an idea of what a given system is made up of. Class diagrams and object diagrams form the design view of the free bca final year projects system.
·         Process View:
The dynamic behavior of a system can be seen using the process view. The different diagrams such as the state diagram, activity diagram, sequence diagram, and collaboration diagram are used in this view.



·         Component View:
Component view shows the free bca final year projects grouped modules of a given system modeled using the component diagram.
  • Deployment View:
The deployment diagram of UML is used to identify the deployment modules for a given system.
  • Use case View:
Finally, we have the free bca final year projects use case view. Use case diagrams of UML are used to view a system from this perspective as a set of discrete activities or transactions.

Free BCA Final year Projects on Mobile Banking Part 3

Free BCA Final year Projects WI-FI-Connection:

PROJECT 3#  ONLINE AUCTION SYSTEM


   FRONTEND - C # AND .NET FRAMEWORK 

   BACKEND - SQL SERVER 2008

   Click here to Download SYNOPSIS OF PROJECT  ONLINE AUCTION SYSTEM

   Free download FINAL REPORT OF PROJECT  ONLINE AUCTION SYSTEM

FREE DOWNLOAD BCA PROJECT # 4- 

MEDICAL & SURGICAL SUPPLIERS

Click here to Download Project Synopsis of   MEDICAL & SURGICAL SUPPLIERS
FreeDownload Project Final report of   MEDICAL & SURGICAL SUPPLIERS


This website Provide final year project with source code and full documentation and free download.

All Projects Can be submitted by - BE, BCA, MCA, B TECH Computer Science Final Year students. IGNOU BCA, IGNOU MCA, SMU BCA, SMU MCA, B.Tech/B.E in Computer Science or Information technology, MTech, MS, BSC-IT as final year project.


Introduction
WiFi, the short form of Wireless Fidelity, is a technology that allows you to connect to the free bca final year projects internet without a cabled network. WiFi technology uses the 802.11 standard developed by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and commercialized by the free bca final year projects WiFi Alliance.
Whether you are at home, your office cabin or another business location, using WiFi you can access the internet from your laptop or PDA as long as you are within the range of a WiFi access point.
What Happens
WiFi uses radio technology for communication, and mostly operates at 2.4 or 5 GHz frequency. Most of the free bca final year projects new connectible devices are today WiFi certified, which means not only that they are WiFi enabled, but also that these devices are interoperable.
In a WiFi network, computers with a WiFi network card can connect wirelessly to a WiFi router. The router is connected to internet using a cable or DSL modem. Any WiFi enabled connectible device within 60 meters or so of the access point can access the free bca final year projects internet.
Some WiFi hotspots are open in the sense that anyone with a connectible device within the range can access them, while some others are closed which means that only authorized users can access them using a password.
Where WiFi can Help
Interoperability is one big advantage of WiFi. WiFi allows users to connect with internet as well as with each other and other devices. It also helps you transcend the distance imitations of using cables and also saves some of the free bca final year projects cost.
WiFi technology is of special advantage to people in marketing and sales as these sectors involve a lot of travel. In fact WiFi can help anyone who has to move about a lot on work. They can access their work email or company databases from wherever they are using WiFi technology. Thus WiFi technology allows businesses to grow and expand fast.
Further, businesses do not have to throw away their existing network infrastructure to start on WiFi. It is very easy to integrate WiFi into your current wired network. This gives WiFi a definite cost advantage.
As we saw earlier WiFi technology uses the 2.4-5 GHz bandwidth and speeds ranging from10 to 50 Mbps. This is quite comparable to the free bca final year projects speed of a T1 line.
Security
All said and done, security is one of the biggest issues with a wireless network. This is all the more relevant in the case of a plug and play technology like WiFi. If you are not careful enough, anyone close enough to your base station can intercept the data you send and receive from your network or break into your system.
Therefore it is important to take sufficient security measures when you set up a WiFi hotspot at your home or office. Security is also applicable when you need to access a public hotspot using your laptop or other devices. 
  1. Free bca final year projects part 1
WiFi is Fast
WiFi typically offers much faster internet access than cable and DSL connections, a definite advantage for businesses. The free bca final year projects high speed is also useful when you’re on the move. There is a promise of enhanced productivity here.
WiFi is Convenient
You can access internet from your Wi-Fi enabled device from wherever you are, as long as you are within range of a base station or source. Thus the workers can move about with their gadgets from their cabin down the corridor to the conference room all without losing connection. You can also access your company’s network from your own laptop or PDA, even when you are in another place, like a business associate’s office, a hotel or convention center, as long as this place has a WiFi network.
It is also faster and more cost effective for the free bca final year projects company to set up a wireless network than a wired connection.
WiFi is Ubiquitous
The WiFi technology is already commercialized, so most of the computing and communication gadgets like laptops and PDAs come WiFi enabled. Further, these WiFi certified gadgets are interoperable regardless of the brand.
On the other hand, public WiFi access sites or hot spots are also on the increase. More and more offices, bookstores, airport lounges and food outlets are setting up WiFi hotspots in the hope that this will induce their tech-savvy customers to stay on. In some cities, entire neighborhoods and business districts are setting up bigger hotspots.
Drawbacks
The free bca final year projects small range is the biggest drawback for WiFi. Even while you can move about without the wires, the mobility is severely restricted. Most typically, it is about a radius of 100 feet or so from the hotspot.
Earlier versions of WiFi radios drain a lot of power, which is a disadvantage for laptops as they are battery dependent. Also, nearby equipment like microwave ovens and cordless phones can cause interference.
Security is another big threat. It is easy for anyone to access your wireless networks if you are not careful. Therefore it is important to install stringent security precautions depending on the free bca final year projects sensitivity of the information you handle.
What is a Wi-Fi phone: 
  1. Free bca final year projects part 1
A WiFi phone is a wireless device that gives you the dual benefits of wireless connectivity and the free bca final year projects cost savings of VoIP. It can be used in any areas- hotspots- where WiFi connectivity is provided. If there are no obstructions, you will be able to use a WiFi phone within a radius of 300 feet (90 meters) of the hotspot. However this also depends on the number of people accessing the hotspot at the given moment.
What a WiFi Phone Can Do
Just like a cell phone, you can use a WiFi phone to make calls, send text message, receive voicemail and to some extent even access the free bca final year projects internet. The WiFi phone is capable of retrieving data and accessing the internet better than a cell phone.
As wireless hotspots are becoming widespread, a WiFi phone enables you to converse with your family, friends and work associates anywhere in the world at much cheaper rates than a regular telephone allows. All you need to ensure is that you are within the free bca final year projects range of a WiFi hotspot.
In other words, you can use your WiFi phone from home, hotels, offices, airports, internet cafes, business districts or just about anywhere there is a WiFi network established. More and more metropolitan areas and commercial outlets are deploying free or low cost WiFi hotspots, so you have many places where you can use your WiFi phone to make and receive calls.
Most of the WiFi phone models available in the market have built in features like echo cancellation, lost packet recovery and packet delay compensation. Thus you can expect excellent voice quality from WiFi phones.
The free bca final year projects Hitch
The problem with WiFi technology is the range and this applies to WiFi phone as well. It is not possible to roam beyond the free bca final year projects hotspot, or between two hotspots, and this means limited mobility while you are on a WiFi call. Further, many WiFi enabled phones shut off the WiFi receptor when not in use, in order to save energy. This can lead to missing the incoming calls. However we can expect that these problems will be ironed out soon as the free bca final year projects technology develops.
The Bottom Line 
  1. Free bca final year projects part 1
The cost effectiveness is the free bca final year projects biggest factor here. The average American user today spends $50 a month on cellular calls. Hotspots are free or much cheaper in comparison, and multiplying fast too. By switching over to WiFi phones, the average consumer as well as businesses can save a lot on the free bca final year projects telephone bill. From this angle, WiFi phone looks like the next big thing in the free bca final year projects telecom revolution. 

Free bca final year projects

Free bca final year projects

PROJECT 3#  ONLINE AUCTION SYSTEM


   FRONTEND - C # AND .NET FRAMEWORK 

   BACKEND - SQL SERVER 2008

   Click here to Download SYNOPSIS OF PROJECT  ONLINE AUCTION SYSTEM

   Free download FINAL REPORT OF PROJECT  ONLINE AUCTION SYSTEM

FREE DOWNLOAD BCA PROJECT # 4- 

MEDICAL & SURGICAL SUPPLIERS

Click here to Download Project Synopsis of   MEDICAL & SURGICAL SUPPLIERS
FreeDownload Project Final report of   MEDICAL & SURGICAL SUPPLIERS


This website Provide final year project with source code and full documentation and free download.

All Projects Can be submitted by - BE, BCA, MCA, B TECH Computer Science Final Year students. IGNOU BCA, IGNOU MCA, SMU BCA, SMU MCA, B.Tech/B.E in Computer Science or Information technology, MTech, MS, BSC-IT as final year project.

3.6  Free bca final year projects SDLC Model.


THE INCREMENTAL, ITERATIVE SOFTWARE ENGINEERING LIFE CYCLE:

When we defining and constructing credit card validation systems will uncover many requirements that may be difficult at outset. Instead knowledge of the system and requirements will grow as work progress the whole software engineering process is designed to uncover details and incompatibilities in the requirements that may not be obvious to customer and bankers at outset.

Several cases or increments of software development additional increases will be build and delivered in successive increment system normally involves as are deliver successive new versions, the free bca final year projects development of first version from sketch called green field development is special case of incremental development the development of first increment is an important activity series we establish the architectural base that must last for the free bca final year projects entire system’s life time.

 Free BCA Final year Projects WATERFALL LIFECYCLE MODEL:


Waterfall model states that the phases (analysis, design, and coding, testing, support) are systematized in a linear order and each phase should accomplished entirely earlier of the next phase begins.
 In this way the free bca final year projects step by step phase initially analysing phase is completed and that output takes place at the end of analyze phase after that output will be given as input for the design phase, depending on the Free download MCA projects in JAVA with documentation inputs it generates all design steps, like ways all phases processed and produced all successful outputs, And will to find out whether the project is pursuing on the exact path or not. If not the project may be discard or any other action takes place to continue. The free bca final year projects model is the most commonly used and also known as linear sequential lifecycle model.

  1. This model is very easy to use and implement.
  2. Each phase is completed at a time and processed.
  3. This model better works for smaller projects if only the requirements are well understood.
4.   In each phase have deliverables and that must be reviewed.

Free BCA Final year Projects DISADVANTAGES:

 

  1. If the free bca final year projects requirements are gathered are inaccurate then the final product is inaccurate and the error is known in the final phase of the model. Any sort of errors that cannot be detected in any previous phase.
  2. For long, object-oriented, complex and ongoing projects it’s a poor model.
  3. This model has high risks.
Free BCA Final year Project Water fall Model

Fig: Waterfall Lifecycle Model

Free BCA Final year Projects  PROTOTYPE MODEL:

  1.  In this model the free bca final year projects requirements are gathered firstly, and the prototype is deployed according to the requirements. This prototype is a quick design which goes through the coding, design and testing. The free bca final year projects phases are not done in detail. By seeing this prototype the client feels like a real system, so that the client understands the entire requirements of the systems. 

Free BCA Final year Projects ADVANTAGES:

  1. During the development process the free bca final year projects developers are interestingly engaged.
  2. The prototype developed that is used by the users for well understanding of the methodology
  3. The free bca final year projects user involvement is increased and improved.
  4. The flaws and faults are identified early.
  5. The user’s opinion about the free bca final year projects product is known early which leads to an improved system.

Free BCA Final year Projects DISADVANTAGES:

  1. This model focuses on design quite than functionality.
  2. The model is implemented firstly and then errors are evaluated later which becomes a complex process
  3. The model is also known as throw-away prototype.
  4. More time spent on development of the prototype that result in delay of the final product.
Free BCA Final year Projects Prototype model

                             Fig: Prototyping Methodology.

  1. SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATIONS


4.1 Software interfaces

        Tools:: Edit Plus
        Operating System: Windows NT/2000
        Server Side: Servlets, Tomcat Server
        Client Side: J2ME
        Services: JDBC
       Database: My SQL



      Processor: Pentium-III (or) Higher
Ram: 64MB (or) Higher
Cache: 512MB
Hard disk: 10GB



The free bca final year projects communication function required by this product is WEB connection.

5.0. 

Free BCA Final year Projects Languages of implementation.

        
J2ME Architecture:
Java Platform, Micro Edition, or Java ME, is a Java platform designed for mobile devices and embedded systems. Target devices range from industrial controls to mobile phones (especially feature phones) and set-top boxes. Java ME was formerly known as Java 2 Platform, Micro Edition (J2ME).
Java ME was designed by Sun Microsystems, now a subsidiary of Oracle Corporation; the platform replaced a similar technology, Personal Java. Originally developed under the Java Community Process as JSR 68, the free bca final year projects different flavors of Java ME have evolved in separate JSRs. Sun provides a reference implementation of the specification, but has tended not to provide free binary implementations of its Java ME runtime environment for mobile devices, rather relying on third parties to provide their own.
As of 22 December 2006, the free bca final year projects Java ME source code is licensed under the GNU General Public License, and is released under the project name phoneme.
As of 2008, all Java ME platforms are currently restricted to JRE 1.3 features and uses that version of the class file format (internally known as version 47.0). Should Sun ever declare a new round of Java ME configuration versions that support the Free Download MCA Final Year Project Report later class file formats and language features, such as those corresponding JRE 1.5 or 1.6 (notably, generics), it will entail extra work on the part of all platform vendors to update their JREs.
Java ME devices implement a profile. The most common of these are the Mobile Information Device Profile aimed at mobile devices, such as cell phones, and the Personal Profile aimed at consumer products and embedded devices like set-top boxes and PDAs. Profiles are subsets of configurations, of which there are currently two: the free bca final year projects Connected Limited Device Configuration (CLDC) and the Connected Device Configuration (CDC).

Free BCA Final year Projects

The mobile environment has a unique set of attributes not found anywhere else. From intermittently-connected wireless networks to the free bca final year projects ever-increasing diversity of mobile devices, the mobile environment has introduced many new challenges to building software applications. The impact of these challenges on server-side software development requires a systematic resolution at the free bca final year projects software infrastructure level. Without such a resolution, application developers will be forced to produce point solutions, custom code, and patches, creating convoluted legacy architecture that will result in exorbitant maintenance costs.
J2EE is a server-side technology originally designed to meet the challenges of Web-based application development. Although it was designed to be flexible and extensible to meet the future requirements of new technology paradigms, no augmentation of the J2EE standard has yet occurred to address the free bca final year projects challenges of developing mobile applications. The market pressure to get mobile applications out to the enterprise workforce, combined with the lack of de facto architectural leadership from the free bca final year projects technology giants in the space, have made point solutions and custom coding the common practices. J2EE technology, however, will help to extend support to and standardize mobile application development.
In this article, I will explore the fundamental architecture of J2EE and how to capitalize on its flexibility, extensibility, and openness by proposing a new server-side J2EE component model to drastically simplify, standardize, and enhance mobile application development.

Free BCA Final year Projects Understanding Mobile Application Development Challenges

New mobile devices continue to rapidly enter the free bca final year projects market, each consisting of varying configurations. Some devices, such as PDAs (personal digital assistants) and Pocket PCs, have ample memory, large color displays, and sound capabilities, while others have black-and-white displays and limited memory. Some devices are shipped with browsers, while other devices focus on client-side applications. Even devices with browsers that may support the same markup language will often interpret the markup language quite differently.
Many mobile devices can support Java through a micro version of the free bca final year projects Java Virtual Machine called KVM (Kilo Virtual Machine). KVM can not only run Java applications built for mobile devices -- the so-called J2ME (Java 2, Micro Edition) applications -- but also supports a superior user interface and off-line functionality during instances of intermittent wireless network connections.
In any case, the common characteristic of these applications is their server-side interaction. They all rely on server-side logic to supply them with the appropriate data and communicate via Internet standard protocols such as HTTP. This shifts a large chunk of the free bca final year projects coordination burden to the server side; the server-side application logic must be designed to support each of these devices while fully utilizing all of the device's features. In the free bca final year projects case of browser-based applications (e.g., WML, c-HTML), the content needs to be formatted properly for the mobile device display and browser. Even in the case of J2ME applications, a significant amount of server-side intelligence is required. For example, the free bca final year projects proper J2ME application must be provided -- i.e., the right application must be chosen for the requesting wireless device, and the version must be checked before delivery.

Free BCA Final year Projects

The free bca final year projects wireless network also implicitly affects the development of the applications. Limited bandwidth, high latency, and intermittent connectivity often plague wireless networks. Design efforts to combat network challenges, such as high latency, may involve delivering the maximum amount of content supported by each device, reducing unnecessary requests (or chattiness) over the free bca final year projects high-latency wireless link. This so-called "forward-caching design" relies on a forward-caching software infrastructure resource to intelligently detect the memory of the device making the request, estimate compiled size of content, paginate the free bca final year projects content, deliver it, and transparently maintain the links among the pages. In the case of J2ME, even greater sophistication is required, since the free bca final year projects software must provide code as well as data. The cache manager ultimately decides what parts (classes) can be delivered to the mobile device.
The mobile environment also creates a new application paradigm that may involve multi-modal device access, where a user can swap devices and access methods such as voice and data in the free bca final year projects middle of an application. The application may require non-HTTP messaging models for notifications, location-based services, and potentially even a new security model. This new application paradigm affects server-side development by requiring multi-modal session managers and access to non-HTTP messaging channels.

Free BCA Final year Projects Mobile Application Development with J2EE -- First-Generation Approaches

J2EE defines a standard for developing multi-tier enterprise applications by not only basing them on standardized, modular components, but also providing services (e.g., secure transactions) to those components. In other words, J2EE gives the developer a framework and a set of services that simplify the free bca final year projects development of Web-based applications. The framework and the associated services are implemented and packaged as products called J2EE application servers. The developer extends the application services (e.g., Servlets, Java Server Pages, and Enterprise Java Beans) and writes to a set of APIs that solve a significant portion of the free bca final year projects underlying software challenge for Web-based development. The J2EE application server allows the developer to focus on application development while providing a clean separation between the application server and the application code. In the application code, the developer is encouraged to keep the presentation layer code as separate as possible from business logic to reduce the free bca final year projects maintenance cost.
Some of the basic building blocks of J2EE are:
  • Servlets
  • Java Server Pages (JSP)
  • Enterprise Java Beans (EJB)
  • Java Messaging Service (JMS)
  • Java Database Connectivity (JDBC)
  • Java Naming and Directory Interface (JNDI)
  • Java Mail
  • Extensible Markup Language (XML)
Free Download BCA Projects Standard J2EE Architecture

Figure 1: Standard J2EE Architecture

Free BCA Final year Projects

Each of these building blocks comes in a container that offers APIs, which manage a set of services for the free bca final year projects building block. J2EE developers use the container and application server APIs such as JDBC and JNDI to build their applications. Since J2EE was specifically designed for Web application development, most of the containers are specific to Web applications. Since out-of-the-box containers are insufficient for mobile application development, the free bca final year projects developer must write extensive custom code to deliver on the mobile application requirements. Typically, a sound mobile solution must consist of the following elements:
·         Future-proof presentation management. The application must interface with many heterogeneous wireless networks and protocols, and control the content presentation and formatting for multiple mobile devices existing both today and soon to be released in the free bca final year projects future.
·         Seamless session management. The application must seamlessly initiate, successfully manage, and terminate user sessions while assuming no cookie support on end-user devices and a sporadically-connected wireless network.
·         Robust messaging and notification. The application must communicate with many different unified messaging resources typically found around a mobile user (e.g., fax, SMS (Short Messaging Systems), pagers, and voice), using robust messaging interfaces that enable push/pull functionality in a synchronous or asynchronous manner.
·         Open APIs. The free bca final year projects application must access existing data access and business logic layers (i.e., middle tier), back-end data sources (e.g., databases, ISV business objects), and other software and application server services through uniform interfaces.

Free BCA Final year Projects

Each requirement of this mobile solution requires a significant amount of customization work. The J2EE architecture's presentation layer, for example, is primarily HTML-based, thus limiting the free bca final year projects target mobile devices to mostly Web browsers. Mobile devices and wireless networks, on the other hand, are much more diverse. Since different devices have different capabilities and may utilize different markup languages (HTML, WML, HDML, cHTML, VoiceXML), a developer may choose to build many different presentation layers for the Free Download MCA Final Year Project Synopsis  different devices, or build one presentation layer and apply a transformation for each device. This problem is commonly called the "Mobile Presentation Challenge." In either case, device-specific information (i.e., a device profile or device model) is required in order to choose a presentation layer or a transformation. Developers typically follow one of these two paths in trying to solve the free bca final year projects Mobile Presentation Challenge.

Free BCA Final year Projects The Basic Content Transformation Problem

The first route often chosen to overcome the free bca final year projects Mobile Presentation Challenge is called "screen scraping" or transcoding; this requires repurposing and reformatting HTML presentation content. Transcoding involves taking in the dynamic HTML pages, removing the tags (i.e., scraping the page), storing the data in a Meta format, and retagging the content in a different markup language. This can be achieved with a combination of servlets and JSPs. It is not scalable, though, due to the time required. In addition, the free bca final year projects tightly interwoven design of the presentation and application logic increases the ongoing maintenance cost exponentially as the number of supported devices rises.
The second route involves first defining an XSL (Extensible Style Sheets) library, which is used to transform the single XML presentation layer into a markup language suitable for each client device. Although this approach has better separation of application logic from presentation logic, the XSL presentation logic becomes so complex that it soon requires its own application logic, written in XSL command sequences. This basic approach of building style sheets for each device becomes costly to maintain and upgrade as new devices become available, since the free bca final year projects embedded conditional presentation logic needs reworking each time.

Free BCA Final year Projects

A more effective approach might be to model each device by specifying its features (e.g., display size, supported markup language, etc.), develop a set of style guides for each device feature, and dynamically assemble the style sheets based on the free bca final year projects features of the device making the request. Although you would be authoring a significant amount of presentation conversion logic, you may, in this way, be able to avoid some of the maintenance time of updating a style sheet library as new devices become available. XSL, while well-positioned to process text and convert among XML trees, is not a structured programming language. Thus, XSL is not the free bca final year projects ideal choice for creating the complex presentation conversion logic required to dynamically assemble style sheets. If this route is chosen, mixing and matching with different programming languages may be required, presenting the free bca final year projects familiar burden of ever- increasing complexity and maintenance costs.

Free BCA Final year Projects

After the first step of defining the XSL library, the developer builds a servlet and within it constructs a string buffer of the XML or a DOM (Document Object Model) for the presentation. The developer must then pass the string buffer or DOM and the appropriate style sheet (which may or may not be dynamically assembled based on device features) to an XSLT (XSL Transformer), which then passes the free bca final year projects device-specific markup language in the servlet request. This development is typically intricate enough that in most implementations there is a significant amount of integration and coding that must occur within the servlet. For example, you would be required to identify the free bca final year projects appropriate device, identify the relevant features, and assemble the style sheet based on these features.
A more elegant approach simply uses JSP to lay down the XML and automatically call the free bca final year projects right tranform, so that you focus more on building the application and less on building and tweaking the presentation look and feel.
Although challenging on its own, as seen in the two route choices above, basic mobile presentation is only the beginning of a long, circuitous journey as far as mobile application challenges are concerned. Unfortunately, neither approach has the free bca final year projects capability to solve the more perplexing problems that one may face ahead.

Free BCA Final year Projects Advanced Mobile Presentation -- Content Pagination and Caching Challenges

Neither of the basic content transformation methods described above addresses the memory issues of the device or the latency issue of the wireless link. Consider one scenario: If the content is dynamic, applying a straight transformation of the XML in a target device's markup language will often result in a document that is too large for the device to properly display.
One patch is to "page" the free bca final year projects data at the data source (i.e., the data access layer) based on the lowest-common-denominator device to be supported, which will result in small pages. Unfortunately, this process will lead to burdensome delays for devices without memory or display restraints, since they will be making repeated requests for the small pages over high-latency wireless links, introducing unnecessary chattiness into applications.

Free BCA Final year Projects

Another option inserts logic at the presentation layer based on the free bca final year projects memory attribute of the device and "pages" the resulting XML at this appropriate layer. This option requires introducing yet another layer of complex application logic at the presentation layer, violating a basic principle of sound J2EE design and increasing the maintenance cost. In either case, the paginated content on the free bca final year projects server would have to be stored and appropriate links between the pages would have to be created. This problem is even more complex than meets the eye, because some pages may have been served to the mobile devices, and the  Free Download BCA Final Year Project Report  rest will be stored on the server.
It is crucial to note that this scenario again increases rather than decreases complexity, if the free bca final year projects developer wants to add functionality to the patch that paginates the content at the application and/or presentation layer. Let's assume the developer obtains a device profile for the device making the request to identify the free bca final year projects optimal size of the content pages. The developer can use this information to write custom presentation logic to paginate the content and reduce the probability of memory overflow.

Free BCA Final year Projects

From the free bca final year projects device profile, the developer may also choose to further customize the XML based on other device features and attributes to improve the user experience beyond optimal content pages. That is, the developer may personalize the application flow and content based on how the device accesses the free bca final year projects application, inserting ad hoc application logic into the application and presentation layers in addition to implementing a proprietary methodology to handle different device attributes.
The maintenance cost of this custom coding approach will be an eye-opener. Developing a custom transformation engine that dynamically assembles a library based on device features makes adding devices easier, but in itself can be an extensive development project that still faces scalability and reliability issues. The picture is further complicated in the Free Download BCA Final Year Project Synopsis common scenario in which the developer needs to override the automatic transformation for a specific set of pages and devices. For example, customizing a branding page's size, shape, and logo color for a certain set of devices are common requirements, and the free bca final year projects transformation engine should allow for overriding and providing full control over the look and feel.

Free BCA Final year Projects Servlet Architecture:

  • Servlet
    • Small portion of the content is static text or markup
    • Do not produce content
    • Perform a task on behalf of the client
  • JavaServer Pages
    • Extension of servlet technology
    • Most of the free bca final year projects content is static text or markup
    • Small portion of the content is generated dynamically
  • Servlet container (servlet engine)
    • Server that executes a servlet
       
  • Free BCA Final year Projects Web servers and application servers

    • Sun Java System Application Server
    • Microsoft’s Internet Information Server (IIS)
    • Apache HTTP Server
    • BEA’s WebLogic Application Server
    • IBM’s WebSphere Application Server
    • World Wide Web Consortium’s Jigsaw Web Server
    • Figure 26.1: Servlet Architecture
       
  • Interface Servlet (http://java.sun.com/j2ee/1.4/docs/api/)
    • All servlets must implement this interface
    • All methods of interface Servlet are invoked by servlet container
       
  • Servlet life cycle
    • Servlet container invokes the free bca final year projects servlet’s init method
    • Servlet’s service method handles requests
    • Servlet’s destroy method releases servlet resources when the servlet container terminates the servlet
       
  • Free BCA Final year Projects Interface Servlet implementation

    • GenericServlet
      • Abstract class
      • Package javax.servlet
      • Protocol-independent servlet
    • HttpServlet
      • Abstract class
      • Package javax.servlet.http
      • Use the free bca final year projects HTTP protocol to exchange information
      • Key method service
      • ServletRequest and ServletResponse
         
  • Free BCA Final year Projects HttpServlet Class

    • Overrides method service
    • Two most common HTTP request types
      • get requests -- Get/retrieve information from server
      • post requests -- Post/send data to server
    • Method doGet responds to get requests
    • Method doPost responds to post requests
    • HttpServletRequest and HttpServletResponse objects
       
  • Free BCA Final year Projects HttpServletRequest Interface

    • Servlet container
      • creates an HttpServletRequest object
      • passes it to the servlet’s service method
    • HttpServletRequest object
  • HttpServletResponse Interface Free BCA Final year Projects
Free Download BCA Projects








    G+

    Pages